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These pictures are part of the LCPC's collection. They
are freeware, but NOT for commercial use.
Presentation of 37 bridges in Paris.
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PASSERELLE de Simone de Beauvoir
The footbridge crosses the Seine in single span of 190m . There are three spans, one crossing the river, two crossing the quay side roads. The central span is stiffened vertically by the continuity with the foundations, and horizontally by the continuity with the lateral spans. The bridge is 270m long in total ;it has been opened in 2006.
The formal structure is a pectinate lenticular truss, strongly differentiated in its booms for tension and compression. Its component geometries are reminiscent of the existing bridge forms of Paris, the dominant arch shape and the early experiments in suspension bridges by Navier. Three deck ribbons follow the two opposing curves of the structural geometry, the central deck rising with one curve whilst the flanking decks fall with the other .
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The two parallel vertical truss planes are spaced at 5m, creating inside and outside volumes,
placing half of the pedestrian surfaces outside the structure, with clear view to the river. This
configuration gives a bridge which is quite slender transversely, which is compensated by the continuity with the lateral spans. The structure is intentionally flexible, and reacts pleasantly to the wind and pedestrian movement. Tuned mass dampers control the accelerations for safety and comfort. The deck has designed porosity to avoid the very unusual Scanlan coefficients which are characteristic of this topology in section.
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PONT AMONT DU BOULEVARD
PERIPHERIQUE
This prestressed concrete bridge was built from
1967 to 1969 for the crossing of the
Seine by the boulevard périphérique
(ring road). It consists of 2 mechanically
independent and slightly bias box girders, with
a length of 270 m and a width of 20.50 m,
supporting a roadway of 17.50 m and a pavement
of 2 m; they are separated by a 3 m
space. It comprises 4 spans of 58.5 m,
90 m, 65 m and 56.5 m length and
was built by balanced cantilevering with precast
segments.
Its designers are Depaquit, Rousselin, Dambre
and Herzog. |
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PONT NATIONAL
It is the first bridge built in Paris under the
second empire. This bridge was built in 1852 by
the engineers Couchet and Petit. Initially, this
bridge was built to allow the passage of the "
petite ceinture " railways and a road. It then
comprised 5 arches in masonry with a span of
34.5 m, a width of 15,40 m, founded on
piles. It had an overall length of 188.50 m.
Due to the suppression of the fortifications and
the installation of the Maréchaux Boulevards,
it became insufficient and its width was increased
to 34.50 m during the last war, between 1941 and
1944 (on a project designed by the engineers
Netter and Gaspard). The widening consists of 3 reinforced
concrete arches of 2.50 m width and keeps the
structure with an identical appearance.
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PONT DE TOLBIAC
This bridge was built from 1879 to 1882 by
engineers Bernard and Pérouse. Gustave Eiffel
had proposed for this bridge a much more audacious
project, but it was refused. It has a length of
168 m and a width of 20 m.
This bridge with lowered arches consists of five
elliptical arches in masonry with 29-32-35-32-32-29 m
spans. No event marked the life of this bridge,
except for an English plane which crushed on it
during the second World War. |
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PONT DE BERCY
The current bridge replaces a
suspension bridge inaugurated by Louis-Philippe
in 1832. It was built from 1863 to 1864 by
the engineer Féline-Romany with a width
of 19 m, then was widened of 5.50 m
in 1904.
It had an overall length of 175 m, and
was composed of five elliptical arches of 29 m
span in masonry. The subway viaduct which was
superimposed to it in 1904 consists of
41 semi circular arcades of 4.5 m
span.
It was widened once again on the upstream side
in 1991; it was doubled by a structure made
up of reinforced concrete arches, completely
independent, simply juxtaposed to the pre-existent
viaduct to avoid any transfer of load, and whose
piers were founded on immersed concrete. The
faces seen were covered with ashlars which respect
perfectly the drawing of the old bridge.
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VIADUC D'AUSTERLITZ
This very elegant metal bridge was built in 1904
by Louis Biette for the crossing of the Seine
by the subway. With a distance of 140 m between
supports, it holds the record of span length among
the Parisian bridges on the Seine.
This bridge should not have any support in river
with the objective not to obstruct navigation.
The solution was brought by a deck suspended to
two metallic arches with 3 articulations
and a rise of 20 m. An abundant cast iron
decoration is present.
It was the subject of a strengthening in 1937
in order to support more significant loads. One
notices on right bank a helicoid viaduct with
2 spans of 34 and 40 m.
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PONT CHARLES DE GAULLE
This bridge was built from 1993 to 1996 according
to drawings of the architects Louis Arretche and
Roman Karasinski. Its length is 207,75 m and
its width 31,60 m. It is a continuous metal
bridge with three spans of 68 m, 84 m
and 55 m. The deck was set up by launching
and is composed of two lateral box girders connected
by a load carrying sheet. The concrete upper slab
is prestressed transversely. The lower surface is
made up of curved sheets like the wing of a plane. |
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The
first bridge of Austerlitz, built by the engineer
Becquey de Beaupré, comprised initially 5
cast iron arches of 32 m span being supported
by 4 piers and 2 abutments made of masonry.
Each arch had 7 trusses of 21 voussoirs
each. In order to avoid the effects of vibrations
due to traffic, the arches rested on metal bearings.
It had been brought into service in 1805 and
had received the name of Austerlitz to commemorate
the victory of Napoleon on December 2, 1805.
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PONT
D'AUSTERLITZ
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Fifty years later (in 1854), being in very
bad condition, it was replaced by a bridge in
masonry 18 m broad, including five masonry
vaults of 32 m span, lowered to the 1/8;
it was built by engineers Michal and Savarin
who re-used and strengthened the existing piers.
It has a length of 173,80 m and a current
width of 30,6 m; it was indeed widened
in 1884 by new vaults added symmetrically
to old ones by engineer Guiard.
This bridge is crossed by an impressive number
of pipes and various networks occupying the
quasi totality of the available spaces under
roadway and pavements.
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PONT SULLY
This bridge was built from 1875 to 1876 by
engineers Vaudrey and Brosselin. It actually consists
of two bridges, one on the right bank, the other
on the left bank of the Saint Louis island, which
are respectively 72 m and 141 m long,
with a width of 20 m.
It comprises for the bridge over the large Seine
arm 3 arches of 46-49-46 m spans made
of cast iron and, for the bridge over the small
arm, 1 central arch made of cast iron, having
a span of 42 m and flanked by 2 side arches
of 15 m span in masonry. The foundations consist
of stonework carried out inside coffer dams.
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PONT DE LA TOURNELLE
It is 122 m long and 23 m wide. It comprises
3 reinforced concrete arches: a span of 12.5 m
(basket-handle arch), one of 74 m (with a height
of 7 m) and another one of 11 m (semi
circular arch). The statue of Sainte Geneviève,
patroness of Paris, dominates this bridge.
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PONT MARIE
The first stone of this bridge was posed by the
young King Louis XIII in 1614. It was completed
in 1635, after more than 20 years of work.
This bridge, built by Christophe Marie, was surmounted
by a double line of houses on three floors, with
shops at the ground floor, which were demolished
in 1788. In 1658, a flood caused the collapse of
the arches contiguous to the island, these arches
being rebuilt only in 1684.
Classified historical monument since 1887, it is
92 m long and 22,60 m wide. It comprises
5 masonry arches, quasi semicircular, and with
various spans ranging from 14 to 18 m.
The piers and abutments are in masonry, founded
on wooden piles, and up-stream and down-stream cut-waters
have a dihedron shape. The cut-waters are surmounted
by niches always remained empty of statues.
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PONT DE L'ARCHEVECHE
This bridge, the narrowest of Paris, was built in
1828, by engineer Plouard, for the " Pont des
Invalides " company after the demolition of
the suspension bridge of the " Invalides ".
Toll was repurchased to the concessionaire by the
town of Paris in 1850.
Having a length of 68 m and a width of 11 m,
it comprises three masonry arches with 15, 17 and
15 m spans. The slightly open arches obstruct
the river traffic, but in spite of a decision taken
in 1910, the bridge will never be replaced.
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PONT SAINT-LOUIS
It is the seventh bridge built on this site to connect
the Saint Louis island to the La Cité island.
Since the XVIIth century, several footbridges made
of wood, a bridge made of wooden and iron arches
covered with red copper, a suspension bridge, a
cast iron bridge have been built.
The current bridge, built in 1969-1970 by J.F.
Coste and Long-Depaquit, has a length of 67 m
and a width of 16 m. It consists of a single
metal span with 2 skewed box-girders, covered
by a connected reinforced concrete slab. Its access
is currently forbidden to the motor vehicle traffic.
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PONT LOUIS-PHILIPPE
This bridge was built in 1862 by Féline-Romany
and Vaudrey. It replaces a suspension bridge built
in 1833 by the Seguin brothers.
It has a length of 100 m and a width of 15 m.
It comprises 3 masonry arches of elliptic form
and with spans of 30, 32, and 30 m. The foundations
are on concrete immersed in bottomless caissons
driven into dredged excavations.
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PONT AU DOUBLE
As soon as 1625, a masonry bridge existed on its
site. Like all the bridges at that time, it was
a toll bridge. It owes its name to the toll fixed
at : "a double "denier" (a French
currency at that time) for the pedestrians and 6
"deniers" for each horseman who will pass
on the aforementioned bridge". This bridge
was rebuilt in 1737, then in 1847.
The current bridge was built in 1882. Its dimensions
are 31m long and 20 m wide. It consists of
a single arch composed of 11 cast iron arcs
linked with iron crossbeams. The facings of its
upstream and downstream sides were covered with
copper, as well as the railings.
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PONT D'ARCOLE
This bridge was built in 1854 by Alphonse Oudry
to replace an old suspended footbridge with two
spans known as "la grève". It has
a length of 80 m and a width of 20 m.
The bridge comprises a single arch with a span of
80 m, a rise of 6,12 m, composed of 14 parallel
iron arcs the height of which is only 38 cm.
The deck is connected to these arcs by bars of triangulation
forming light and elegant spandrels.
From a mechanical point of view, this bridge is
rather original since the arcs, the ties and the
stringers supporting the slab are embedded in the
abutments.
On the 16th of February, 1884, the bridge sagged
abruptly with a value of 20 cm, because of
the low thickness of the arcs at the crown. Then,
it had to be strengthened by the addition of two
trusses, the suppression of the anchorages of the
stringers in the abutments, and a reduction of the
weight of the deck. During the construction of the
Georges Pompidou urban expressway, the right abutment
was hollowed out to allow its passage through it.
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PETIT PONT
This bridge is at the place of Paris where the
Seine bed is narrowest, and probably corresponds
to the oldest crossing. A "small wooden bridge"
was burnt during the conquest of Gaul by the Romans.
It was rebuild many times with wood, and it was
only in 1186 that it was built out of stone.
Since that year, it was restored 11 times
until its last rebuilding in 1853.
Started in March 1852, this bridge designed by
engineer Michal and built by the contractor Gariel,
was brought into service at the end of 1853. It
has a length of 32 m and a width of 20 m.
It has a single arch of 32 m span (lowered
to 1/10) in masonry made of millstone.
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PONT NOTRE DAME
It is located at the site of one of the oldest
historical crossings of the Seine. After many
wooden bridges were destroyed, it is in 1512 that
the Dominican brother Joconde built a splendid
bridge in masonry with 68 houses. Within
the works undertaken by the baron Haussmann, this
one was replaced by a bridge of 20 m width,
composed of 5 masonry arches of 19 m
span. Nowadays, it remains only the 2 side
arches of this bridge.
The current bridge is 106 m long and 20 m
wide. It comprises a metallic central arch going
back to 1912 and replacing the 3 old
masonry arches to improve the flow of the Seine
and to give satisfaction to bargemen.
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PONT SAINT-MICHEL
This bridge designed by Vaudrery and De Lagalisserie
was built during the year 1857. It is the last
of a long series of bridges which were built as
of 1407 on the same site. It has a length
of 62 m and a width of 30 m. It is composed
of 3 elliptical arches in masonry of 17 m
span.
It kept dwellings until 1808. Built under the
second Empire, its spandrel walls are decorated
by " N " placed in medallions.
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PONT AU CHANGE
This bridge designed by Vaudrery and De Lagalisserie
was built from 1858 to 1860. Its name comes
from the shops of exchange installed on the old
bridge in the XV century after Louis VII ordered,
in 1441, that its exchange and all the exchanges
of Paris settled there.
Having a length of 103 m and a width of 30 m,
it consists of 3 elliptical arches of 31m span
in masonry.
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PONT NEUF
Its first stone was posed on May the 31st, 1578
by Catherine de Médicis, but it was completed
only into 1607; it is the oldest and most famous
bridges of Paris. Classified as historical monument
since 1889, it has a length of 238 m, a width
of 20 m and is separated in two parts: it
comprises on the large arm of the Seine 7 semicircular
arches with span varying from 15 to 19m,
and on the small arm 5 semicircular arches
with span varying from 10 m to 16 m.
All these arches are in masonry.
The bridge remained in its initial state until
1848, date on which six vaults on the large arm
were rebuilt by preserving the one contiguous
to the island. In 1885, three arches sagged and
were rebuilt. On the central earth platform separating
the two parts of the bridge, the statue of Henri
IV is set up, under the reign of whom the bridge
was completed.
It accommodated many original demonstrations:
wrapping of the bridge in 1985 by Christo,
floral decoration in 1994 by Kenzo, film
shooting...
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PASSERELLE DES ARTS
The first footbridge of arts built in 1803 was
the first bridge of Paris where cast iron was used.
Designed by Louis-Alexandre de Cessart assisted
by his student Jacques Dillon, his width was 10 m
and it comprised 9 arches of 17 m span.
Decayed, its pier often hit by barges, it was demolished
in 1981.
The current footbridge was built from 1982 to
1984 by Louis Arretche in a style close to
the old footbridge. 155 m long and 11 m
wide, it is composed of seven circular steel arches
of 22 m span which support a flooring made
of wood. The piers and the abutments are in reinforced
concrete. Some arches of the old footbridge were
safeguarded then reinstalled in the Nogent-sur-Marne
port.
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PONT DU CARROUSEL
The first bridge built in 1834 by Polonceau
was a bridge with 3 cast iron arches. The
current bridge was built from July 1935 to
July 1939 by engineers Mallet and Lang.
Having a length of 168 m and a width of 35 m,
it consists of 3 arches of unequal span:
36-42-36 m; the vaults are made of reinforced
concrete covered with dressed stones to be in
harmony with the Museum of the Louvre. The bridge
is prolonged at each end by 2 small passages
on the bank with a span of 7.5 m.
Night lighting is ensured by 4 telescopic
candelabra making it possible to carry the lamps
from 13 m in the day to 20 m in the
night; but alas this mechanism is currently out
of service.
The four statues representing the Seine, the Town
of Paris, Abundance and Industry come from the
old bridge. Because of the proximity of the street
of the same name, it failed to be baptized " bridge
of the Saints Fathers ".
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PONT ROYAL
The Royal bridge called for a long time "pont
des Tuileries" takes over a bridge called
" Pont Rouge ". The current bridge was
built from 1685 to 1689 by the famous
architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart and by Jacques
Gariel.
Classified as historical monument since 1939,
its dimensions are 107 m in length and 16 m
in width. It comprises five semicircular arches
in masonry with span of 20, 22, 23, 22, and 20 m.
The foundations are built on piles beaten inside
cofferdams.
It is one of the three older bridges of Paris,
with the Pont Neuf and the Pont Marie. It was
the place of great festivals and festivities,
and is the bridge of Paris which best preserved
its initial aspect: its most notable retrofit
is a reduction of the bump of the roadway in 1852.
 
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PASSERELLE DE SOLFERINO
On the site of this footbridge, a masonry bridge
was build in 1859 and had for dimensions 145 m
in length and 20 m in width. It was destroyed
in 1961 because of its obsolescence and was
replaced by a provisional footbridge which was demolished
for the same reason in 1993.
It was replaced into 2000 by a metal footbridge
designed by Marc Mimram. It has a length of 140 m
and a width varying from 11 to 15 m. Its
structure consists of a steel arch of 106 m
span, composed of two arcs connected by transverse
crossbeams, these arcs being themselves composed
of two curved Vierendeel girders whose horizontal
spacing is variable.
The arcs have a rise of 7 m and are built in
the abutments. It makes it possible to serve, without
staircase, at the same time the high quays and the
low quays of each bank. When the footbridge opened,
the vibrations were such that tuned-mass dampers
had to be added to filter certain frequencies of
vibration.
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PONT DE LA CONCORDE
This bridge was successively called Pont Louis
XV, Pont Louis XVI, Pont de la Révolution,
Pont de la Concorde, again Pont Louis XVI during
the Restoration Period and finally Pont de la
Concorde in 1830.
Built by Jean-Rodolphe Perronet, it was brought
into service in 1791. It had a length of 137 m
and a width of 14 m which was increased to
35 m starting from1931. It is composed of
5 very lowered masonry arches with span of
25, 28, 31, 28, and 25 m.
Extremely rare thing : it was built with part
of the dressed stones coming from the demolition
of the Bastille. It is registered within the additional
Inventory of the historical monuments.
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PONT ALEXANDRE III
Completed in 1900 for the World Fair, this
bridge was built in only two years by engineers
Résal and Alby. With a length of 107 m
and a width of 40 m, it comprises only one
metal arch made up of 15 parallel arcs with
3 articulations made up of cast steel voussoirs
bolted together.
It is prolonged on each bank by 2 viaducts
in masonry. The considerable lowering of the arcs
(1/17) required abutments foundations of very significant
size (33.5m x 44m), built using decompression chambers.
Classified as historical monument, this bridge is
very decorated and constitutes a great monument
of Paris.
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PONT DES INVALIDES
This bridge was initially a very daring suspension
bridge, built by Navier in 1826 to answer to
the desire of the administration to carry out a
test of bridge suspension in Paris. But disorders
appeared in the anchorage blocks and the bridge
was condemned before it was opened to traffic...
The current bridge was built from 1854 to 1856 by
the engineers La Galisserie and Savarin. It has
a length of 152 m and a width of 18 m.
It consists of 4 masonry arches in arc of circle
with a respective span of 34, 36, 36, and 34 m.
It should be noted that in 1878, due to movements
of the piers and to disorders following a breaking
up of ices, the vault of the arch n°4 sagged
and had to be rebuilt.
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PONT DE L'ALMA
The initial bridge built in masonry in 1856 was
replaced because of the settlement of one of its
piers of almost 90 cm. The current bridge was
built from 1974 to 1976 by engineers Jean
François Coste and Ch Blanc, assisted by
architects A. Arsac and M. Dougnac.
With a length of 142.5 and a width of 42 m,
it is composed of 2 continuous spans of 110 m
and 31.5 m length. The deck consists of 2 half-bridges
joined, mechanically independent, and composed of
two steel box girder supporting an orthotropic plate.
In order to avoid problems of settlement which have
affected the preceding bridges built at this place,
the foundations were descended until 40m of depth
and the abutments were established on reinforced
concrete piles.
This bridge is decorated by the famous statue of
the "zouave" carved by Georges Diebolt,
on the up-stream cut-water of the single pier. This
statue, very beloved by the Parisians is used as
reference mark for the level of the Seine floods.
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PASSERELLE DEBILLY
Initially, this footbridge was temporary in order
to allow the movement of the visitors of the 1900
World Fair; it then became a permanent bridge in
1906, after being moved in line with the street
of "la Manutention".
This footbridge designed by engineers Resal, Alby
and Lion was brought into service in 1900. It has
a length of 120 m and a width of 8 mr.
It is a metal bridge with 3 spans, the central
span being 74 m long and 8 m wide.
The central span is composed of arcs with 2 hinges
on piers, while the side spans are made of half
arcs hinged on pier and on the end of the deck.
It is registered within the additional Inventory
of the historical monuments.
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PONT D'IENA
This bridge designed by Lamende was brought into
service in 1814. Having a length of 155 m and
a width of 19 m extended to 35m in 1937, it
consists of 5 masonry arches in arc of circle
of 28 m span; initially foreseen in cast iron,
this other more solid and less expensive solution
in maintenance was finally retained. It was widened
upstream and downstream by the construction of 2 elements
of bridge similar to the primitive bridge, but made
up of reinforced concrete vaults.
It is registered within the additional Inventory
of the historical monuments.
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PONT DE BIR-HAKEIM
This bridge, previously called viaduct of Passy
for a long time, was built in 1904 under the
direction of Louis Biette.
It has a length of 237 m and a width of 25 m.
It is composed of a metal bridge with 2 floors.
The lower floor consists of 2 groups of 3 spans
of the " Cantilever " type connected by
a monumental frame in masonry established on the
upstream point of the island of "des cygnes".
The length of the spans are 30, 54, 30 m on
the large arm, and 24, 42, 24 m on the small
arm. The higher floor supporting the subway consists
of a metal viaduct on fine columns spaced by 6 meters.
It is registered within the additional Inventory
of the historical monuments.
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PONT DE PASSY SNCF
This bridge was brought into service in 1900 to
link the "Champs-de-Mars" to a station
of right bank of the Seine and thus to allow the
routing of the travellers coming from the North,
East and Saint Lazare stations to the station of
the "Champs-de-Mars" and this, because
of the 1900 World Fair. It has an overall length
of 370m.
The large arm of the Seine is crossed by a metal
arch with a span of 85 m ; the small arm is
crossed by three spans of 33, 43 and 29 m
laid out in plan according to a polygonal line in
order to fit the curve of the railway.
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PONT DE GRENELLE
This bridge was built from 1966 to 1968 under
the direction of engineers Thenault, Grattesat and
Lion. It replaces an old cast iron bridge build
in 1827 and demolished in 1961.
With a length of 220 m and a width of 30 m,
it is composed of 2 principal metal spans of
length 84,26 m crossing the two Seine arms,
of a span of length 20,72 m above the island
"des cygnes", and of 2 spans of length
15 m out of concrete which allow the crossing
of the right and left bank quays.
The downstream point of the island "des cygnes"
was arranged to receive a bronze statue which is
a reduction of the statue made by Auguste Bartholdi
" Freedom illuminating the world " which
dominates the New York harbour.
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PONT MIRABEAU
This bridge built by Resal was brought into service
in 1893.
Classified as historical monument since 1975, its
length is 154 m and its width is 20 m.
It consists of 3 spans of 32, 93, and 32 m
length.
This bridge was made famous for these verses of
Guillaume APOLLINAIRE: " Under the bridge Mirabeau
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Its structure
is of the cantilever type with side consoles voluntarily
overloaded by brick vaults to balance the weight
of the central consoles; the transverse profile
is composed of 7 longitudinal trusses made
of laminated steel and comprising three articulations:
two on piers and one at the key of the central span.The
pier cutwaters are decorated with four statues carved
by the sculptor Injalbert and which represent the
Town of Paris, navigation, the genius of the trade
and abundance.
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PONT DU GARIGLIANO
The current bridge replaces the viaduct of Auteuil
called also " point du jour " which had
been built in 1866 for the passage of the small
belt railroad, and which obstructed navigation because
the head room of its arches was too small.
This bridge designed by engineers Pilon, Coste and
Muzas was brought into service in 1966 after
3 years of work. Its dimensions are 209 m
long and 25 m wide. It comprises 3 spans
of 58, 93 and 58 m length, and consists
of 6 metal beams under roadway with a solid
web and covered with a reinforced concrete slab.
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PONT AVAL DU BOULEVARD PERIPHERIQUE
This bridge was built from 1966 to 1968 by
J.F. Coste, J. Mathivat and L Arsene-Henry.
It makes it possible the ring road to cross the
Seine. Having a length of 312.5 m and a width
of 34,60 m, it is a bias prestressed concrete
bridge made up of 2 juxtaposed bridges with
4 spans of length 71.5 - 81.5 –
92 - 67.5 m. Each bridge consists of two
box-girders with a constant height, connected by
a slab supporting the roadway, and that are only
braced straight above the end supports.
It was built by balanced cantilevering with precast
segments.
  
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Sources
:
Service
de la navigation de la Seine
Quais
et ponts de Paris, Marc Gaillard.
Conférence
de presse du 23 novembre 1999
Site de
la Mairie de Paris :
"Les
Ponts de Paris : un patrimoine d'ouvrages d'art
exceptionnel"
Histoire
administrative des Ponts de Paris, Ministère
des transports Direction des Routes.
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